Unit 19 Jobs
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
知識目標(biāo)
一、教學(xué)目標(biāo)與要求
通過本單元教學(xué)，使學(xué)生繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)定語從句的用法，并對限制性定語從句進(jìn)行小結(jié)。學(xué)生應(yīng)能較為熟練地運(yùn)用定語從句。從本單元對話中學(xué)生應(yīng)能掌握表示判斷與意見的用語。通過對課文的學(xué)習(xí)，向?qū)W生介紹男女平等這一主題，并了解婦女受歧視的情況及帶來的后果。
二、教學(xué)重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)
1．重點(diǎn)詞匯 design; remove; refuse; pretend; promise; support; pick up; to one's surprise; call at; look down upon
2．重要句型 1) Are there any jobs which women don't do? 2) It seems that it's more difficult for women to get to the top of a company. 3) His job was to design new machines. 4) Unless you tell me, I shall not be able to help you. 5) I had to lie to the company and pretend to be a man in order to get a job.
3．語法 定語從句 (4): 1) Mr. King, whose legs were badly hurt, was taken to hospital. 2) The boss in whose department Mr. King worked called at the hospital. 3) The boss of the company, whose name was Mr. Little, told the story.
4．日常交際用語 判斷和意見 (Judgement and opinions): 1) I guess men's hands and fingers are too big! 2) I am sure men are better at making computers than women. 3) In my opinion women are better teachers than men. 4) I can believe that/ I agree. 5) Do you think so? / I don't agree.
能力知識
1．句型
It seems that…及I’m sure/ think/ believe that…句型的訓(xùn)練，使學(xué)生能夠熟練表達(dá)對某事的看法和意見。
2．定語從句的應(yīng)用與鞏固。
3．根據(jù)本單元“Jobs”的有關(guān)知識，運(yùn)用所學(xué)語言知識寫一封求職信。
德育知識
通過本單元的學(xué)習(xí)，讓學(xué)生懂得男女平等的重要和提高尊重婦女的意識。了解婦女受歧視的情況及其帶來的后果，并認(rèn)識男女平等的重要意義。
教學(xué)建議
課文分析
本單元的話題是談?wù)撃信降鹊膯栴}，這是一個長期存在的社會問題，即使在發(fā)達(dá)的資本主義國家，也涉及此問題。通過本課所講述的故事，讓學(xué)生了解西方婦女受歧視的情況，并認(rèn)識男女平等的重要意義。分為三段：
Part 1 (Paragraph 1) “Mr” King was one of the best engineers in the Notco Company.
Part 2 (Paragraphs 2-5) “Mr” King had an accident and his secret was out.
Part 3 ( Paragraphs 6-10) People had different opinions about Ms King.
本課閱讀以對話為主，通過對話講述故事，通過對話發(fā)表看法。
分析whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句
whose 表示所屬關(guān)系，與名詞連用，可指人或物。
1)“whose+名詞”在從句中可1)作主語2）作賓語3）作介詞賓語
2)whose用來指物時，可用“of +which”來替代，此時詞序?yàn)椤跋薅ㄔ~+名詞+of + which”或“of +which+限定詞+名詞”。
3)whose +名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)中，“whose”的作用相當(dāng)于“限定詞” 故不能說：whose the name。但它可以用于結(jié)構(gòu)“whose+修飾語+名詞”。
本單元教學(xué)建議
Lesson 73
1) Pair work, practise the dialogue.
2) Ask the Ss to make up similar dialogues according to part 1 with part 2.
Lesson 74
Students’ book, page 18, summarize the story.
Let the Ss do it individually in class.
Lesson 75
Students’ book, page 19, summarize different people’s opinions about Mr. King’s matter.
Mr. Little’s opinion: Dismiss Mr. King.
Mr. Pattis’ opinion: Keep Mr. King as long as he /she can do the work well.
Infer their final decision: Mr. King may continue to stay in the company.
對話建議
1. 教師讓學(xué)生能展開討論，話題為Talk about job.
2. 準(zhǔn)備放對話錄音前，教師把問題寫在黑板上或讓學(xué)生們記下來：
1)Why do some do companies like to employ women workers?
放錄音機(jī)一至兩遍，請學(xué)生回答上述問題，教師加以評論。
3. 再放對話錄音，學(xué)生跟讀。播放視頻，教師再提出一些問題，檢查學(xué)生的理解程度。
4.將學(xué)生分為兩人一組練習(xí)對話。數(shù)分鐘后，請兩三組同學(xué)到前面表演，教師給以講評。
5．教師指導(dǎo)學(xué)生歸納本課有關(guān)的常用語句。
課文建議
1． 教師引出本課內(nèi)容，在黑板上列出學(xué)生所提及的內(nèi)容。
2． 準(zhǔn)備閱讀第一部分課文，教師給出讀前提問：
Do you think Ms King should lose her job? Why(not)?
教師給學(xué)生數(shù)分鐘，要求學(xué)生快速閱讀課文，之后請同學(xué)回答上述問題。
3. 放課文錄音，學(xué)生跟讀一至兩遍，之后看視頻。
4. 課堂活動：
A．要求學(xué)生根據(jù)課文所提供的信息，歸納課文中的內(nèi)容：
將全班分為若干小組，每小組可選擇其中一兩個題目，在組內(nèi)進(jìn)行歸納。數(shù)分鐘后，請幾位同學(xué)生在班內(nèi)交流，其他同學(xué)補(bǔ)充，教師可幫助學(xué)生加以糾正。
B．要求學(xué)生給出各段大意：
學(xué)生先在小組內(nèi)交流并相互啟發(fā)、補(bǔ)充，然后請學(xué)生在班上交流，教師給出正確答案。
5.教師讓學(xué)生用自己的語言講述Mr/ Mrs King及補(bǔ)充課文的結(jié)局.
辨析work, job
共同點(diǎn)：work 和job 都有“工作”之意。
job 指具體的“工作，職業(yè)”，特別是指有報酬的工作。它是可數(shù)名詞，有單復(fù)數(shù)形式。
work是不可數(shù)名詞，表示比較抽象，泛指的工作。work還可表示“著作，作品”這時是可數(shù)名詞。表示“工廠”“工事”“機(jī)件”時常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
The young man tried to find work in the city.那年輕人想在城里找工作。
He went to town to look for a job.他進(jìn)城去找份工作。
例題：
He got a ____in that company recently. There is always a lot of ____for people who are out of____.
A. work; job; jobs B. work ; work ; jobs C. job ; work ; work D. job; jobs; work
答案為C。
辨析have sb. doing/ have sb. do/ have sth. done
共同點(diǎn)：表示“/使/讓/請某人干某事”
have sb. doing強(qiáng)調(diào)讓某人/某物一直處于某種狀態(tài)，
have sb. do則強(qiáng)調(diào)暫時或一次性的行為。
have / sth. done表示“讓某事被做”，強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語之間為動賓關(guān)系，而且賓語補(bǔ)足語的行為由他人來完成。例如：
(1) Yesterday I have my brother wash my clothes. 昨天我讓弟弟給我洗了衣服。
(2) I’ll try my best to have him tell the truth. 我要盡全力叫他說實(shí)話。
(3)We ought to have her examined by the doctor. 我們應(yīng)該讓醫(yī)生給她檢查一下。
(4)I’ll have my watch repaired. 我得找人把我的手表修一下。
(5)He had the fire burning day and night. 他讓火日夜燃燒著。
(6)Don't have your horse running so fast. 別老讓你的馬跑那么快。
辨析and so on, such as和for example
1)and so on對幾個事物進(jìn)行列舉時，在說了其中的幾個以后，用…and so on進(jìn)概括，說明還有，但不一一列出了。如：
2)such as…用來列舉事物。通常插在被列舉的帶有解釋性質(zhì)的事物與前面的需要進(jìn)行解釋的名詞之間，意思是“比如；諸如……之類的”，可與like互換。如：
3) for example…起到補(bǔ)充說明的作用，表明在眾多內(nèi)容中僅舉一二個例子，可放在列舉內(nèi)容之前或之后，意思是“例如……”，“舉個例子……”。如：
There are some books, pens, erasers and so on in my bag. 我的書包里有書、筆、橡皮等等。
Boys like to play balls, such as football and basketball. 男孩喜歡打球，比如足球和籃球。
Some students, Li Jun, for example, live in the country. 有些學(xué)生住在農(nóng)村，例如李軍。
注意：for example有補(bǔ)充說明的意思，而補(bǔ)充說明往往有解釋的作用，所以它往往可與such as或like互換。and so on只有概括作用而沒有解釋作用，所以一般不能和for example或such as或like互換。
辨析：promise與allow, permit
共同點(diǎn)：幾個詞均表示答應(yīng)，允諾。
promise指自己答應(yīng)別人干某事而守約完成。
allow 指“并不反對”或“不加阻止”, 偏重“默許”或“聽任”, 含義較消極。
permit 和 allow 在許多情況下可以通用, 但兩者都指有權(quán)的人給予的同意與許可。但permit較 allow 正式, 含有“積極地、從正面地允許”的意義,
They don't permit you to smoke. 他們不允許你抽煙。
Each passenger is allowed twenty-five kilogrammes of luggage. 每位旅客允許攜帶二十五公斤的行李。
She promised her brother that she would write to him. 她答應(yīng)弟弟將給他寫信。
辨析gentle; soft
共同點(diǎn)：兩者作“溫和的”解都是形容詞。
gentle指人對事物的克制而表現(xiàn)出的溫和、文雅和親切。
soft 指人說話語氣的溫和，也可指物體質(zhì)地的柔軟。
He paid no attention to his mother’s gentle scolding. 他對母親的溫和責(zé)備毫不理會。
They’re not soft enough.它們不夠柔軟
辨析just, fair
共同點(diǎn)：兩者作形容詞用都可表示“公正的”。
fair通常指做事（尤指具體的事）公平、公道，不因個人私利而采取不正當(dāng)?shù)氖侄巍?br /> just強(qiáng)調(diào)合乎道義的，尤指思想意識范疇的人或事。如：
He was fair in the amount of money he gave to each of them.
他公平合理地把錢分給他們各人。
A teacher should be just to every student.
老師應(yīng)公平地對待每位學(xué)生。
1.There are women police officers, women doctors, teachers, engineers, farmers and so on.
在表示婦女的職位時，英語中用“woman +職位名詞”的復(fù)合詞。這兩個詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)要一致。如：
a woman doctor→women doctors, a woman farmer→women farmers。
[比較] 由“girl+名詞”所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞，girl總是用單數(shù)。如：
a girl student (一個女學(xué)生), two girl students (兩個女學(xué)生.) , 不說two girls students。
2. But I had to lie to the company and pretend to be a man in order to get a job.
pretend后接通常跟名詞、代詞，或跟不定式、賓語從句。
He pretended sickness.
He pretended to be friendly with us.
He pretended that he had a headache.
注意：pretend 之后的不定式有時態(tài)變化
He pretended to be reading.
The boys pretended to have done their lessons.
3. We shall have to make a decision about Mr King, whose story I have just told you.
“make a decision (about )”意為“作出(有關(guān)的)決定”(=decide)
I'm afraid that you've made a wrong decision.
[聯(lián)想] 在英語中，有許多由make同表示動作的名詞搭配所構(gòu)成的詞組，其詞義相當(dāng)于表示動作的動詞。例如：
make an answer =answer(回答) make an arrangement = arranger(安排)
make a change= changed（修改，改變） make a choice= choose(選擇)
make an examination = examine(檢查) make progress = progress(進(jìn)步，前進(jìn))
make a report = report (報告) make a suggestion = suggest (建議)
make a start =start(開始) make a travel = travel (旅行)
make a warning = warn(警告)
4.To everyone's surprise, Mr King refused.
1) to one's surprise/to the surprise of. . .，介詞短語，意思是“使某人感到驚奇的是……”，在句中作狀語，表示行為的結(jié)果。
[聯(lián)想] to one’s delight /to the delight of (使某人高興的是)
to one’s joy/to the joy of (使某人愉快的是)
to one’s sorrow/to the sorrow of (使某人悲傷的是)
To his delight, he has got to the top of the company
2)refuse后可接不定式作賓語，也可接名詞或代詞作賓語。
句式一:refuse+名詞
He refused the gift.
句式二:refuse+名詞+名詞
He refused me permission to use his dictionary.
句式三：refuse+動詞不定式
He refused to let me use his dictionary.
Mr. King, whose legs were badly hurt, was quickly taken to hospital. 金先生的雙腿嚴(yán)重受傷，很快被送進(jìn)醫(yī)院。
理解：
1）這是一個復(fù)合句，whose legs were badly hurt是非限制性定語從句，修飾前面的名詞，Mr. King，引導(dǎo)詞whose本身在定語從句只和定語，修飾legs.
2）badly“嚴(yán)重地”，在此等于seriously，修飾過去分詞hurt.
3）whose是定語從句中一個常用的關(guān)系代詞，表“……的”之意；它可以指“人的”，也可指“物的”；既可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，也可引導(dǎo)非限制定語從句。
I don't agree with your decision. 我不同意你的決定。
理解：
agree是個常用動詞，也是高考經(jīng)�？疾榈脑~匯之一。它的用法如下：
1) agree with +名詞/代詞/從句
在這個句型中，如用人作主語，表示“同意……”，“贊同……”，后面接指人或表示“意見”，“看法”的詞（如：suggestion statement, practice .proposal）；如用事物作主語，表示“與……一致（相符）”，“（氣候、食物等）適合……”。例如：
I agree with most of what you said, but I don't agree with everything.
The verb must agree with the subject in person and number. 動詞在人稱和數(shù)上應(yīng)與主語一致。
2)agree to+名詞/代詞
agree to 的意思是“同意（贊成）……”，后面接表示建議、計劃、條件、安排等的詞，不但表示同意，而且含有協(xié)助合作之意。例如：
They agree to our suggestion.
agree to 還有“答應(yīng)”的意思�？杀硎敬饝�(yīng)某件自己實(shí)際上不贊成的事。例如：
The boss agreed to the terms only under the pressure of the workers.
agree to 也可用于被動句型，但agree with卻不可以。例如：
Their terms have been agreed to.
3 ) agree on/about +名詞/代詞
agree on的意思是“對……取得了一致意見”，主語常常是協(xié)商一件事的人們或單位，后面常接表示具體協(xié)議的文件、計劃、行動、日期、條款等名詞，介詞on有時可用about來替換。例如：
We all agreed on an early start tomorrow morning.
There is one point on which they all agree.
4)agree with sb. on sth.
這個句型的意思是“對某事跟某人意見一致”。它的相反意思的句型：disagree with sb. about sth. “對某事跟某人意見不一致”。例如：
I agree with you on this matter.
They disagreed with you about some of the opinions in this report.
5) agree to do sth.
agree to do sth. 的意思是“同意（答應(yīng)）做某事”。例如：
The worker agreed to mend the machine next Monday.
6)agree + that 從句
這個句型的意思是“同意（認(rèn)為/承認(rèn)）……”。例如：
We agree (with you)that this article is worth reading.
7) agree 作“同意”解時，也可單獨(dú)使用。例如：
I asked him to go to the cinema with me and he agreed.
It seems that it's more difficult for women to get to the top of a company.看來婦女要成為一個公司的頭頭比較困難。
理解：
“It seems that”有時能與“It seems as if” 句型互換，在意思上較接近，但 “It seems that”后面用陳述語氣；而“It seems as if”后面可用陳述語氣，表示可能性較大，也可用虛擬語氣，表示可能性較小。試比較：
It seems that it will rain this afternoon. = It seems as if it will rain this afternoon. (說話人認(rèn)為很有可能要下雨)
It seems as if it would rain this afternoon. (但憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)下雨的可能性不大)
動詞seem還有如下主要用法：
1）seem + inf.（看來；似乎）例如：
They didn’t seem/ seemed not to like the film. 看來他們不喜歡這部片子。
2）seem+（to be）adj.（看來；似乎）例如：
She seems (to be) quite happy with the work. 她看來對工作很滿意。
3）There seems …似乎有……
There seems something wrong with my bicycle.我的自行車似乎是出了毛病。
——whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句
用法：
whose 表示所屬關(guān)系，與名詞連用，可指人或物�！皐hose+名詞”在從句中可作主語、動詞賓語或介詞賓語。例如：
一、1）When I looked through the window ,1 saw a girl whose beauty took my breath away. ( whose beauty作主語, whose指人a girl)
2）It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at the time. (whose importance 作動詞 realize的賓語, whose指事物 a meeting)
3）Atlas ( in Greek mythology) was a kneeling man on whose shoulder the world rested, (whose shoulders作介詞on的賓語)
二、當(dāng)whose用來指物時，可用“of +which”來替代，此時詞序?yàn)椤跋薅ㄔ~+名詞+of + which”或“of +which+限定詞+名詞”。例如：
I had a meeting whose purpose was completely unclear. =
I had a meeting the purpose of which was completely unclear. =
I had a meeting of which the purpose was completely unclear.
注意：whose不能用于“whose+限定詞+名詞”這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)，如不能說：whose the name。但它可以用于結(jié)構(gòu)“whose+強(qiáng)調(diào)詞+名詞”，如：
I read a book yesterday whose very name I don’t remember.
例題介紹：
The pretty house _____ door is always locked belongs to a rich man.
A. its B. which C. whose D. that
句意為：門總是鎖著的漂亮房子屬于一個富人的。由分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本題考查定語從句中關(guān)系代詞的用法。句中的先行詞house在定語從句中作定語，修飾door，因此關(guān)系代詞用whose,而不用that或which。故正確答案為C。
Here is the girl _______ school bag has been stolen.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. her
whose代替先行詞the girl，在定語從句中作school bag的定語，關(guān)系代詞who和whom都不能這樣用。答案應(yīng)選C。
The building _______ windows are bright at night is our school library.
A. which B. that C. whom D. whose
關(guān)系代詞whose用于物，代替先行詞building，在定語從句中作windows的定語。關(guān)系代詞which和that都不能這樣用。答案為D。
練習(xí)：
1.The boss, ____restaurant I am serving, is a king-hearted man.
A. in which B. in whose C. where D. which
2.The gentleman, ____daughter I worked, had been to America.
A. which B. whose C. with whose D. with which
3.The house _____windows face south is my uncle’s.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
答案：BCC
Lesson 73教學(xué)設(shè)計方案
Teaching Aims
1. Learn some new words (officer, engineer, fair, pick up. army) while dealing with the dialogue .
2. Get a general idea about jobs for men and women in Britain.
3. Learn to use the pattern:
It seems that…
I m sure that…
Teaching procedures
Step 1 Questions and answers:
What is your father /mother /brother?
What job does your sister do?
He /She is a doctor /worker /driver /manager /police officer (head in the police) and so on.
Step 2 Listening
Listen to the tape without looking at the books and choose the best answers;
1. What are Jane and Zhou Lan talking about? (C)
A. Women’s jobs. B. Men’s jobs. C. Jobs for women in Britain.
2. Jane thinks that women can do almost everything. But _________. (B)
A. it’s more difficult for women to get jobs
B. it s easier for men to become leaders of a company
C. it’s harder for women to work in a company
3. What’s Zhou Lan’s opinion about women’s not being able to get best jobs in a company? (A)
A. She thinks it unfair.
B. She thinks it not funny.
C. She can’t believe it.
4. Which is right according to the dialogue? (A)
A. Not all the companies like to employ men.
B. All the companies like to employ men.
C. None of the companies likes to employ women,
Step 3 Reading
The students listen to the tape and follow. Read in pairs.
Step 4 Practice
Practice, page 17, Part 2
1. Go through the sentences in the box, and practise different ways of expressing one’s opinions.
2. Work in pairs.
3. Ask some pairs to act it out.
Step 5 Language points
1. It seems that it’s more difficult for women to get to the top of companies/ units /schools /classes/ countries.
2. I am sure/believe/think/guess that…
Step 6 Workbook
workbook page 69 Ex .1,2,3
1. Do it alone. 2. Check it in class.
Step 7 Exercise
Correct the following sentences.
1. I think it is not a good idea to employ men to pick up such small pieces.
2. It looks that it is easier for girls to learn foreign languages than boys.
3. Don’t you believe that there are some jobs women can’t do as good as men?
4. Do you agree that women can do same thing as men?
5. Why do they prefer shooting than wrestling?
6. This passage is about Ms King pretended to be a man in order to get a job.
參考答案
1. I don’t think it is a good idea to employ men to pick up such small pieces.
2. It seems that it is easier for girls to learn foreign languages than boys.
3. Don’t you believe that there are some jobs women can’t do as well as men?
4. Do you agree that women can do the same thing as men?
5. Why do they prefer shooting to wrestling?
6. This passage is about Ms King who pretended to be a man in order to get a job.
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